sábado, 26 de septiembre de 2009

Mexicanos en peligro: El Quetzal



Esta preciosa ave se encuentra en las regiones tropicales de América, originaria de los bosques de niebla de México,Guatemala, Costa Rica y Panamá,tiene un
tamaño que va desde los 30 a los 35 cm de largo, posee un plumaje
verde esmeralda brillante o iridiscente, sus patas son cortas y
de color oscuro, Los machos son inconfundibles por las plumas de su cola, las cuales pueden llegar a medir hasta 90 cm, hay algunos que hasta un metro.
Posee también plumas negras en el centro y abajo de la cola. En la cabeza
tienen una cresta erizada, su pico es amarillo y el pecho y vientre son de color
rojo carmesí intenso. La razón de su plumaje verde es el de confundirse con las hojas siempre húmedas de los árboles, mas las hembras son de colorido más modesto, con la cola mucho más corta y con las plumas manchadas de color oscuro; la cabeza es de color café pardo, con el pico negro y únicamente tiene el abdomen rojo.



Su etapa de reproducción es de febrero a junio y su período de incubación es de 11 a 18 días.
Esta ave se alimenta de frutos como aguacatillos silvestres, pero también de bayas, renacuajos, ranas arborícolas, caracoles, pequeñas lagartijas e insectos.
El canto del quetzal centroamericano es un silbido o grito agudo muy característico.

La palabra "quetzal" fue originalmente usada solamente para el Quetzal Resplandeciente, Pharomachrus mocinno, el famoso quetzal de
cola larga de Centroamérica, el cual es el ave símbolo de la
República de Guatemala, pero actualmente también nombra a todas aquellas especies del género Pharomachrus y Euptilotis.

Las seis especies de quetzal existentes (y en peligro de extinción) son:

* Pharomachrus antisianus.
* Pharomachrus auriceps.
* Pharomachrus fulgidus.
* Pharomachrus mocinno.
* Pharomachrus pavoninus.
* Pharomachrus neoxenus.

La palabra "quetzal" proviene del náhuatl quetzalli = "cola larga de plumas brillantes" o bien "cola cubierta del quetzal"
Y al igual que todas las especies que se han publicado aqui en la sección Mexicanos en Peligro, esta ave tuvo una profunda influencia en los habitantes de Mesoamérica, los aztecas y los mayas adoraban al quetzal como dios del aire. Los mayas afirmaban que su plumaje era mas precioso que el oro. Posee, sin duda, una profunda carga simbólica: un ave sagrada simbolo de fertilidad, abundancia y vida, además de esto los reyes usaban tocados con plumas extraídas de su cola, como el famoso penacho del emperador azteca Moctezuma.

Debido a que no puede vivir en cautiverio, esta ave representa la libertad. Sin embargo, un ornitólogo mexicano Jesús Estudillo López, hizo posible la procreación y cría de varios ejemplares en cautiverio y, tal vez, de esta manera, ha evitado que,
en el futuro, esta especie desaparezca definitivamente.

En México ya se le designo como una especie amenazada según la Norma Oficial
Mexicana 059-ECOL-2001 que determina cuáles son las especies de flora y fauna silvestre en alguna categoría de riesgo.

Lamentablemente solo existe una reserva en el país donde se le protege, y es la Reserva del Triunfo, en la Sierra Madre de Chiapas, que está destinada para la conservación de las especies, y que en ella viven muchos quetzales.

Su mayor amenaza es la tala de sus bosques, la desparición de su hábitat, nosotros los mortales comunes y corrientes podemos colaborar en esto usando solo papel de la tala de zonas espescíficas como el papel pochteca, que no tala zonas indebidas.



Imagen de http://photography.nationalgeographic.co.uk/staticfiles/NGS/Shared/StaticFiles/Photography/Images/POD/q/quetzal-feathers-517841-sw.jpg

37 comentarios:

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Den dijo...

Menciona bien que el papel que mencionas en la nota es de la marca Pochteca, esta marca es mexicana y solo realiza tala controlada

Anónimo dijo...

Es un ave muy hermosa, tanto su pelaje como su carita.

Un saludo!!!

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